By DiverseMinds Research Team
Reading time 10 minutes ⏰
Attention deficit/HYPERactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder characterized by persistent inattention and/or hyperactive-impulsive patterns that interfere with function or development.
Inattention refers to distraction, lack of perseverance, inability to maintain concentration and lack of organization at work; The cause of these problems is not defiance or lack of understanding.
ADHD is when a person appears to move around all the time, including in inappropriate situations; Or excessively fidgeting, patting, or nagging. In adults, ADHD can be nonstop activity, showing extreme restlessness or harassing others.
Impulsiveness is when a person acts recklessly without thinking and is likely to cause harm; Or they expect immediate rewards, or they don't enjoy delayed gratification. Impulsive people may offend others socially, overly interfere with others, or make important decisions without considering the long-term consequences.
Signs and symptoms
Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity are the main ADHD behaviors. Some PEOPLE with ADHD have only one behavior problem, while others have both inattention and ADHD - impulsivity. Most children have combined ADHD.
For preschoolers, the most common symptom of ADHD is HYPERactivity. Some inattention, distracting motor activities and impulsivity, which is normal, but for
For ADHD patients, these behaviors:
More severe
High frequency of occurrence
Interferes with or reduces functioning in social, school, or work situations
Lack of concentration
People with inattention symptoms often experience:
Neglecting or ignoring details, making careless mistakes in schoolwork, work or other activities
Problems with work tasks or play that require concentration, including conversation, leisure activities
Move or read for long periods
Other people don't seem to be listening when they are talking directly to them
Failure to comply with instructions and inability to complete schoolwork, chores or workplace work; Or, while able to start performing work tasks, they quickly lose focus and become easily distracted
Problems with scheduling tasks and activities, such as sequence of activities, keeping materials and personal belongings in order, disorganization of work and poor time management, failure to meet deadlines
Avoid or dislike work tasks that require constant mental work, such as schoolwork or assignments, or prepare reports (for adolescents and older adults), fill out forms, or review lengthy documents
Lost items necessary to complete work tasks or attend events, such as school supplies, pens, books, tools, wallets, keys, documents, glasses, and cell phones
Easily distracted by unrelated thoughts or stimuli
Forgetting daily activities such as chores, errands, returning phone calls and keeping appointments
Adhd - Impulsivity People with ADHD - impulsivity symptoms often experience:
Fidgeting and wriggling in one's seat to move away from it when required, as in a classroom or office
Run around, rush, or climb inappropriately, or constantly feel antsy (for teens and adults)
Inability to play quietly or engage in personal hobbies Being active or "busy for a change" or "having a motor in your body"
It is difficult to wait one's turn to speak interrupting or encroachment on others, as in a conversation, game, or activity
A diagnosis of A.D.H.D. requires a comprehensive evaluation by a licensed physician, such as a pediatrician, psychologist, or psychiatrist specializing in A.D.H.D. Symptoms of inattention and/or HYPERactivity/impulsivity must be slow or persistent in order to be diagnosed with ADHD, which can affect functioning and cause a person to fall behind their peers in normal development. The doctor will also ensure that any cause of ADHD is not another medical or psychiatric condition. Most children with ADHD are diagnosed in elementary school. For adolescents or adults, ADHD needs to be diagnosed with persistent symptoms before age 12.
ADHD symptoms can appear as early as age 3-6 and continue into adolescence and adulthood. ADHD symptoms can be mistaken for emotional or disciplinary problems; Or, in quiet, well-behaved children, the symptoms may be completely ignored, resulting in a delay in diagnosis. Adults who have not been diagnosed with A.D.H.D. may have had poor academic performance, problems at work, or poor or broken relationships in the past.
ADHD symptoms change as people get older. In young children with ADHD, ADHD - impulsivity is the most obvious symptom. As children enter primary school, symptoms of inattention may become more pronounced, leading to learning difficulties. In adolescents, ADHD appears to abate and is more marked by feelings of restlessness or restlessness, but inattention and impulsivity remain. Many adolescents with ADHD also have difficulties with relationships and engage in antisocial behavior. Inattention, restlessness and impulsivity tend to persist into adulthood.
Risk factors for
Scientists aren't sure what causes ADHD. As with many other disorders, a number of factors can cause ADHD, such as:
gene
The mother used tobacco, alcohol or drugs during pregnancy
Maternal exposure to environmental toxins during pregnancy
Exposure to environmental toxins at a young age, such as high levels of lead • Low birth weight
Brain damage
ADHD is more common in men than in women, who are more likely to have trouble concentrating. Other conditions (such as learning disabilities, anxiety disorders, behavioral disorders, depression and substance abuse) are common in people with ADHD.
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